From what I observed, management at all levels consistently ducks and avoids difficult personnel decisions, allowing incompetent people and even people who drive others away to stay in place for far too long. In my department, for example, favoritism was blatant, and management was unapologetic about it. Also, the department head hired a number of developers when systems administrators were needed. The developers had nothing to do and had no clearances, so they couldn't even be deployed at customer sites to gain experience. In several instances, to my direct knowledge, managers told long-term employees that they (the employees) had to find something for these people to do. Management was often adept at abdicating their responsibilities. and this was a clear example of such abdication.